Enteractinococcus coprophilus gen. nov., sp. nov., of the family Micrococcaceae, isolated from Panthera tigris amoyensis faeces, and transfer of Yaniella fodinae Dhanjal et al. 2011 to the genus Enteractinococcus as Enteractinococcus fodinae comb. nov.

A novel actinobacterium, designated strain YIM 100590(T), was isolated from Panthera tigris amoyensis faeces collected from Yunnan Wild Animal Park in Yunnan province, south-west China. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence data showed that strain YIM 100590(T) is a member of the family Micrococcaceae. Cells were coccoid to oval (0.7-1.5 µm in diameter) occurring singly or in clusters. Growth was observed at 10-37 °C (optimum 28 °C) and at pH 7.0-11.0 (optimum pH 8.0). The major fatty acids were iso-C(15:0) (32.22%), anteiso-C(15:0) (31.64%) and iso-C(16:0) (17.38%). The peptidoglycan was of A4α type (L-Lys-Gly-L-Glu). The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol mannosides, dimannosyl diacylglycerol, an unknown glycolipid and two unknown phospholipids. The quinone system comprised menaquinones MK-7 (91.9%) and MK-8 (8.3%). The DNA G+C content of strain YIM 100590(T) was 56.2 mol%. Chemotaxonomic data indicated that the strain belongs to the family Micrococcaceae. On the basis of morphological and chemotaxonomic data and phylogenetic analysis, strain YIM 100590(T) is considered to represent a novel species of a new genus within the family Micrococcaceae, for which the name Enteractinococcus coprophilus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Enteractinococcus coprophilus is YIM 100590(T) (=DSM 24083(T)=JCM 17352(T)). Yaniella fodinae DSM 22966(T) was transferred to the new genus as Enteractinococcus fodinae comb. nov. (type strain G5(T)=DSM 22966(T)=JCM 17931(T)=MTCC 9846(T)).

Nonomuraea soli sp. nov., an actinomycete isolated from soil.

A straight-chain, spore-forming actinobacterium, strain YIM 120770(T), was isolated from soil. Phylogenetic analysis on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons revealed that the isolate represents a distinct cluster within the clade comprising the genus Nonomuraea and is related most closely to Nonomuraea rhizophila YIM 67092(T) (96.5% similarity). Cells of strain YIM 120770(T) grew in the presence of 0-3% (w/v) NaCl, at 15-37 °C and at pH 7.0-8.0. The diagnostic amino acid was meso-diaminopimelic acid, cell hydrolysates contained madurose, glucose, mannose, ribose and galactose, the predominant cellular fatty acids were 10-methyl C(17:0) and iso-C(16:0), and the DNA G+C content was 66.4 mol%, data consistent with affiliation of strain YIM 120770(T) to the genus Nonomuraea. Strain YIM 120770(T) shared low levels of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (<97%) with the type strains of recognized species of the genus Nonomuraea and could be differentiated from its closest phylogenetic relative based on phenotypic characteristics. These results suggested that strain YIM 120770(T) represents a novel species of the genus Nonomuraea, for which the name Nonomuraea soli sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YIM 120770(T) (=DSM 45533(T)=JCM 17347(T)).

Methylobacterium soli sp. nov. a methanol-utilizing bacterium isolated from the forest soil.

A Gram-negative, pink-pigmented, non-spore-forming rod shaped, methanol-utilizing bacterium, strain YIM 48816(T), was isolated from forest soil collected from Sichuan province, China. Strain YIM 48816(T) can grow at 4-37 °C, pH 5.0-7.0 and 0% NaCl (w/v). Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity studies, it belonged to the genus Methylobacterium, and formed a phyletic line. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities were 96.2% to Methylobacterium mesophilicum DSM 1708(T) and 96.0% to Methylobacterium brachiatum DSM 19569(T), and the phylogenetic similarities to all other Methylobacterium species with validly published names were less than 96.0%. The major menaquinones detected were Q-10 (97.14%) and Q-9 (2.86%). The major fatty acids were C18:1 ω7c (80.84%). The DNA G + C content was 66.2 mol%. It is apparent from the genotypic and phenotypic data that strain YIM 48816(T) belongs to a novel species of the genus Methylobacterium, for which the name Methylobacterium soli sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YIM 48816(T) (CCTCC AA 208027(T) = KCTC 22810(T)).

Planosporangium mesophilum sp. nov., isolated from rhizosphere soil of Bletilla striata.

A Gram-stain-positive, non-motile actinomycete, designated strain YIM 48875(T), was isolated from rhizosphere soil of Bletilla striata and its taxonomic position was established by using a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence data showed that strain YIM 48875(T) belonged to the genus Planosporangium, supported by a bootstrap value of 100 %. Cells of strain YIM 48875(T) showed two kinds of sporangia, which also supported its classification in the genus Planosporangium. Strain YIM 48875(T) grew optimally at 28 °C, at pH 6.0-8.0 and in the presence of 2 % (w/v) NaCl. The level of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between strain YIM 48875(T) and Planosporangium flavigriseum YIM 46034(T) was 98.6 %. Strain YIM 48875(T) exhibited a quinone system with menaquinones MK-9(H(4)), MK-9(H(6)) and MK-9(H(8)) as the predominant compounds, a polar lipid profile comprising diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylinositol mannoside and the major fatty acids iso-C(15 : 0) and iso-C(16 : 0); these data were markedly different from those for P. flavigriseum YIM 46034(T). The level of DNA-DNA relatedness between strain YIM 48875(T) and P. flavigriseum YIM 46034(T) was 45.5 %. It is apparent from the genotypic and phenotypic data that strain YIM 48875(T) represents a novel species of the genus Planosporangium, for which the name Planosporangium mesophilum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YIM 48875(T) ( = CCTCC AA 209049(T)  = KCTC 19779(T)).